Introduction
An inguinal hernia is the protrusion of abdominal contents through a weakened area or opening near the inguinal canal, located in the lower abdominal wall near the groin. This type of hernia is more common in men than women and can occur on one or both sides of the groin. Inguinal hernias may vary in size and can cause discomfort, pain, and noticeable bulging in the affected area.
Indications
Inguinal hernias present as visible bulging or swelling in the groin, especially when standing or straining, often accompanied by persistent pain and discomfort in the groin area. You may need surgery if you are unable to push back the hernia manually, unable to perform regular activities due to the hernia, or if there is a risk of hernia incarceration or strangulation.
Preoperative Instructions
Before the scheduled surgery, patients with an inguinal hernia should follow the preoperative instructions issued by Dr Moar, which may include:
- Refraining from eating or drinking anything for a specified period before the surgery.
- Following Dr Moar’s guidelines regarding the use of regular medications, especially blood-thinning drugs.
- Planning for someone to drive you home after the procedure, as you may not be fit to drive immediately after surgery.
- Informing Dr Moar about any allergies, chronic health conditions, or recent illnesses.
Procedure
The surgical repair of an inguinal hernia is typically performed under general anaesthesia. For people who are frail and / or not fit for general anaesthetic, the operation can be performed under local or spinal anaesthetic, with or without sedation.
The preferred approach to the procedure, whether laparoscopic, robotic or open, depends on factors such as the size of the hernia, whether this is a first-time ‘primary’ or a secondary ‘recurrent’ hernia, as well as other patient factors.
The procedure involves the following steps:
- Incision: Dr Moar will make either keyhole or open incisions near the hernia site in the groin area to access the hernia sac.
- Reduction: The protruding abdominal tissues or organs are gently pushed back into the abdominal cavity.
- Repair: The weakened or torn muscle tissue of the abdominal wall is reinforced using sutures or mesh.
- Closure: The incisions are closed with stitches or surgical glue and dressing is applied.
Postoperative Instructions
After inguinal hernia repair surgery, postoperative instructions may include pain management, limiting certain physical activities, wound care, diet, and follow-up appointments.
Risks
While inguinal hernia repair is generally considered safe, there are potential risks and complications associated with the procedure, including infection, bleeding, nerve damage, recurrence of the hernia or mesh-related complications.
Treatment Alternatives
If the hernia is causing symptoms or is at risk of complications, surgical repair is usually the recommended treatment. Where it is safe to do so, patients may elect for a wait-and-watch approach.